Advancing Antibacterial Performance of Recycled Cellulose Triacetate Films Through Functionalization With Silane‐Based Ionic Liquids and Antibacterial Agents

ABSTRACT The increasing demand for sustainable materials has sparked significant interest in the development of renewable and biodegradable alternatives to synthetic polymers. Among these, cellulose‐based materials hold great promise due to their abundance, renewability, and versatile functional properties. However, the effective recycling of cellulose from textile waste, such as cotton fibers, remains a critical challenge that could simultaneously address environmental concerns and enable the production of high‐value products. In this study, recycled cellulose triacetate (r‐CTA) synthesized from waste cotton fibers by acetylation is used as a base polymer to form a bioplastic film. The films were prepared by the solution casting method in glass petri dishes using a volume‐controlling syringe. Ionic liquids and antibacterial agents with different concentrations are added to functionalize the films and give them new characteristics. Different analytical techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), antibacterial test, and tensile and elongation tests are used to characterize the films and evaluate their mechanical, physical, and chemical performances; water vapor permeability (WVP); and the water uptake tests to assess the films' barrier properties. The release of benzalkonium chloride (80%), which is considered an antibacterial agent, from elaborated films is investigated to study the persistence of antimicrobial activity. The resulting films have been distinguished by their homogeneity, flexibility, and excellent antibacterial activity. These results offered opportunities for the production of new antibacterial food packaging or insulation film alternatives to synthetic one.