Exploring network dynamics and stimulation impact in BDD: from chimera states to synchronization

Abstract This study investigates synchronization dynamics in functional networks derived from functional magnetic resonance imaging data for control and body dysmorphic disorder groups, emphasizing the importance of understanding altered brain dynamics in psychiatric conditions. First, we analyze the routes to synchronization, identifying explosive and continuous transitions, with body dysmorphic disorder networks exhibiting a predominantly explosive route, which may underlie their pathological symptoms. Second, we explore chimera states in the intermediate coupling regime, capturing the coexistence of synchronized and desynchronized regions as the network transitions from heterogeneous activity to complete synchronization. Finally, we evaluate the effect of sinusoidal and square pulse stimulation on synchronization levels in the body dysmorphic disorder network, targeting specific brain regions. These results explain the reformed network dynamics in body dysmorphic disorder and tuning neuromodulation strategies.