Research Progress on the Impact of Previous Spontaneous Abortion History on Subsequent Pregnancy Outcomes

自然流产(Spontaneous abortion, SA)是产科最常见的妊娠期并发症之一，据报道大约有10%~15%已确诊的妊娠会在妊娠20周前发生自然流产。自然流产本身除了会对女性心理及身体造成伤害，还会对再次妊娠的妊娠结局及新生儿的健康产生不利影响，是围生医学及生殖医学领域的重要问题。本文将就自然流产的定义、分类、影响因素及其对女性再次妊娠的不良妊娠结局，对妊娠期并发症及新生儿结局的影响进行综述，对有自然流产史的女性进行针对性的孕期保健及管理，改善孕产结局，并且对新生儿远期健康发育有着重要意义。Spontaneous abortion (SA), one of the most common obstetric complications, is reported to occur in approximately 10% to 15% of confirmed pregnancies before the 20th week of gestation. Spontaneous abortion not only causes psychological and physical harm to women, but also has adverse effects on the outcomes of subsequent pregnancies and the health of newborns. It is an important issue in the fields of perinatal medicine and reproductive medicine. This article reviews the definition, classification, and influencing factors of spontaneous abortion, as well as its adverse effects on subsequent pregnancy outcomes, pregnancy complications, and neonatal outcomes. It also highlights the importance of targeted antenatal care and management for women with a history of spontaneous abortion to improve pregnancy outcomes and ensure the long-term health and development of newborns.