The global burden of bladder, kidney, and prostate cancers attributable to smoking from 1990 to 2021 and projections for the next two decades: A cross-sectional study

Smoking has imposed a substantial disease burden on urological cancers over the past three decades. While overall ASDR and ASMR are declining, the disease burden remains high among men, especially those in high-SDI areas. This emphasizes the need for increased tobacco control for these populations or regions.