Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein Reflects Disease Activity in Autoimmune Encephalitis
cGFAP levels indicate intrathecal inflammatory processes in patients with active AE to a stronger degree than cNfL levels. Serum NfL/GFAP ratios recognize active AE, suggesting this ratio identifies AE patients with CNS-compartmentalized neuronal injury (autoantibody-mediated or cytotoxic) behind a relatively intact blood-brain barrier. Our findings indicate that the NfL/GFAP ratio can function as a blood-based biomarker, aiding clinicians with diagnosis and disease management of AE.
Authors
- Johannes Piepgras
- Yavor Yalachkov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0805-771X)
- Stefan Bittner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2179-3655)
- Falk Steffen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3708-8600)
- Laura Ehrhardt
- Frauke Zipp (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1231-1928)
- Martin Schaller (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1447-9908)
- Marlene L. Piepgras
Institutions
- Goethe University Frankfurt (DE)
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
- University Hospital Frankfurt (DE)
Publication Details
- Journal
- European Journal of Neurology
- Published
- 2025-05-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.70207
- Citations
- 2
- Primary Topic
- Autoimmune Neurological Disorders and Treatments
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 2.78
Funders
- Eli Lilly and Company
- Hermann und Lilly Schilling-Stiftung für Medizinische Forschung
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung