Innovative mathematical modeling for optimizing the efficient utilization of oil sludge in Absheron peninsula

The management and utilization of oil sludge represent substantial environmental and industrial challenges, particularly in historically oil-rich regions like Azerbaijan's Absheron Peninsula.This study introduces a sophisticated dynamic mathematical model to describe and optimize the efficient utilization process of oil sludge collected from major oilfields in the region (Bibiheybat, Balakhani, Surakhani, Ramana).A comprehensive analytical characterization was conducted using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).The mathematical framework, developed based on mass balance, reaction kinetics, and reactor hydrodynamics, was numerically solved using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta (RK4) method.The proposed model accurately predicts oil recovery rates and contaminants removal, significantly enhancing the efficiency and sustainability of oil sludge utilization.