Golden spiral radio interferometry: dynamic antenna arrays for optimal UV coverage and sub-arcsecond resolution (a proposed implementation)

Abstract This study proposes a design for a radio astronomical interferometer based on a golden ratio spiral distribution, where mobile antennas move along tracks to dynamically rotate the spiral arms during observations. Through numerical simulations, we demonstrate that this configuration achieves UV coverage close to 95% and an angular resolution of up to 0.0005 arcseconds, significantly surpassing static configurations such as linear, Y-shaped, or grid arrays. The controlled rotation of the antennas allows sampling of multiple spatial orientations, reducing imaging artifacts and enhancing sensitivity by 41%. This approach, supported by comparative analyses of resolution, UV coverage, and signal-to-noise ratio, provides a scalable framework for future high-precision radio interferometry projects, such as the study of supermassive black holes and protoplanetary disks.