Enhancing Stability and Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cells Using Graphene-Based Metamaterials

Against the backdrop of energy shortages, perovskite solar cells have developed rapidly, with their photoelectric conversion efficiency increasing from an initial 3.8% to 26.4%. However, the issue of device stability severely limits their practical applications. Graphene, with its excellent optoelectronic properties, The carbon-based perovskite solar cells based on Ti₁–rGO have achieved a photovoltaic conversion efficiency of up to 20.6% under steady-state conditions, indicating that graphene contributes to enhancing the stability of the cells. However, the issue of hysteresis still persists. To address this problem, this paper designs a highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cell based on graphene metamaterials. By suppressing ion migration probability, the stability of the device is remarkably promoted, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is stabilized at 19.7%-25.9% (310 K-100 K).