ESTUDO AVANÇADO DAS ALTERAÇÕES ELETROQUÍMICAS DO SOLO EM RESPOSTA A ELEVAÇÃO DA SATURAÇÃO POR BASES

This study investigated the electrochemical changes in a Dystrophic Red Oxisol subjected to different levels of base saturation. The soil, collected in the central-southern region of the state of Mato Grosso, underwent nine treatments aimed at increasing base saturation, utilizing dolomitic limestone, alongside a control without the application of CaCO3. In the laboratory, measurements of the Zero Salt Effect Point (PESN) and surface electrical potential (PES) were conducted to assess changes in the soil's chemical attributes after 30 and 90 days of liming. The results revealed a significant impact of increasing base saturation on the soil's electrochemical properties, including pH elevation and an increase in Mg+2 content, as well as a reduction in H+ protons in the soil solution. Furthermore, it was observed that PESN rose with the pH increase, illustrating the influence of heightened base saturation on this characteristic. Meanwhile, soil pH consistently exceeded PESN across all treatments, indicating a substantial presence of negative charges in the soil. Remarkably, within the initial 30 days post-liming, there was a decline in anions with escalating calcium doses, yet after 90 days of incubation, they rebounded.