Frozen Hayward-boson stars

Abstract Recently, the model of the Einstein-Bardeen theory minimally coupled to a complex, massive, free scalar field was investigated in arXiv:2305.19057. The introduction of a scalar field disrupts the formation of an event horizon, leaving only a type of solution referred to as a Bardeen-boson star. When the magnetic charge q exceeds a certain critical value, the frozen Bardeen-boson star can be obtained with ω → 0. In this paper, we extend to the investigation of Einstein-Hayward-scalar model, analyze the stability of the model and obtain the solution of frozen Hayward-boson star, including the ground and excited states. Furthermore, under the same parameters, it is interesting to observe that both the ground state and the excited states frozen stars have the same critical horizon and mass.