SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND PSYCHOSOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HYPERTENSION AMONG MIDDLE-AGED ADULTS IN RURAL TAMIL NADU

Background: Hypertension remains a major public health issue and a key contributor to cardiovascular diseases, with varying prevalence across regions. In Tamil Nadu's Cuddalore district, elevated hypertension rates are influenced by lifestyle choices and limited access to healthcare. Exploring its relationship with physical activity and psychosocial elements is essential for effective health planning. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between hypertension, physical activity, and psychosocial risk factors among middle-aged individuals in the Cuddalore district. Methodology: Across-sectional study was carried out at Government Medical College and Hospital, Chidambaram, involving 100 participants aged 35–60 years. Ethical clearance was obtained, and informed consent was secured. Data on demographics, health conditions, and psychosocial aspects were collected through structured interviews. Blood pressure was measured in accordance with American Heart Association criteria. Physical activity was evaluated using the RAPA questionnaire. Variables such as BMI, education, occupation, and lifestyle habits were also considered. Chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: Hypertension showed significant associations with BMI, education level, and self-reported health status. Among overweight participants, 87% were hypertensive (X² = 12.08, p = 0.002). Those with primary education (80.8%, X² = 10.57, p = 0.014) and poor health perception (83.1%, X² = 5.71, p = 0.048) had higher hypertension rates. Unemployed and self-employed individuals also showed increased prevalence. No significant link was observed between hypertension and physical activity (RAPA1: X² = 1.16, p = 0.885; RAPA2: X² = 0.68, p = 0.712). Conclusion: The findings highlight a strong association between hypertension and socio-demographic factors, emphasizing the need for targeted health interventions.