The regulatory effects of vitamins A, B1, B2, B3, B12, C, D and E on skin health, immunity and diseases

Numerous skin ailments including acne, atopic dermatitis and psoriasis are a consequence of a compromised skin barrier. Working together with other immune cells of similar functions, the skin is seen as been intricately implicated in innate immunity. This is because several immunological reactions get initiated within the body upon the disruption of the skin barrier. More lately, an increased understanding of skin flora further elucidates the numerous connections linking the immune cells of the body and the skin flora. Vitamins are a very important class of trace elements that exert anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. The development of skin ailments can be impeded by the immunomodulatory activities of vitamins. Exploring the immuno-pharmacology of these trace elements, especially as regards skin diseases may pioneer a new therapeutic trail for the management of skin ailments. This review discusses several micronutrients; vitamins (A, B1, B2, B3, B12, C, D, E) and the roles they play in health, immunity and diseases. • Life within the cell cannot therefore be completely defined without a reference to the B vitamins. • Riboflavin or vitamin B2 acts as a co-factor is essential for energy metabolism. • Niacinamide, nicotinamide or vitamin PP is a water soluble by-product of niacin.