Title of the study: finite element analysis of five internal fixation modalities for Schatzker type IV‒C tibial plateau fractures

A single medial plate (Model 1) provides adequate fixation and stability for fractures without the lateral intercondylar ridge. Lag screws with the medial plate (Models 2 and 3) effectively reduce stress and minimize trauma. Double plate on the posterior medial side (Model 4) significantly enhances fixation and prevents displacement for complex fractures. Medial-lateral double plate fixation (Model 5) provides the most favorable biomechanical stability for fractures with extensive lateral plateau comminution. However, balance the benefits against increased complexity, particularly in patients with compromised soft tissue or high functional demands. Selecting internal fixation based on the fracture line can optimize outcomes and speed recovery.