Analysis of Soret and Dufour Impacts on Magnetohydrodynamics Flow Constrained Between a Long Upright Wavy Wall and a Parallel Flat Wall in a Permeable Medium

ABSTRACT This study investigates the influence of wall waviness on the flow and thermal‐mass transfer within a fully developed free convection stream of a viscous, incompressible fluid confined between two long vertical walls in a permeable medium. One wall possesses waviness while the other remains straight, with both walls subjected to variations in temperature and concentration. The research emphasizes the significance of the Soret and Dufour effects concerning heat sources and chemical reactions. The fundamental equations are carefully formulated as a set of differential equations derived from an analogous transformation and are solved using advanced numerical techniques in MATLAB. A comprehensive analysis of the distributions of velocity, temperature, and concentration is conducted, considering various physical parameters. Furthermore, extensive tables depict the variations in skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number as influenced by different management parameters at both surfaces. The results are compared with previously published studies, offering valuable insights into the field. The applicability of these models has been recognized across various engineering disciplines and in biomedical applications.