An Examination of Insurgency and Terrorism in Nigeria: Analysing the National Security Framework

This study critically examines insurgency and terrorism in Nigeria, focusing specifically on the impact of Boko Haram on the national security framework. Using a mixed-method research approach, it combines qualitative interviews with key stakeholders and quantitative data on metrics such as attack frequency, casualty rates, and displacement figures from 2010 to 2023. The findings reveal systemic gaps between military strategies and their effectiveness, highlighting Boko Haram’s resilience and adaptability. Key factors such as corruption, poor governance, and socioeconomic deprivation in northeastern Nigeria, including poverty and unemployment are identified as drivers of extremism. The study concludes that Nigeria’s security response has achieved limited success due to an overemphasis on military tactics and insufficient socio-political reform. Recommendations include investment in long-term development projects, improved intelligence operations, and regional cooperation. The paper contributes to the academic literature by offering a context-specific, multi-dimensional model for counterterrorism policy in fragile states such as Nigeria