Systematic review of wearables assessing medication effect on motor function and symptoms in Parkinson’s disease
To improve motor function and symptoms, people with Parkinson's (PwP) typically take dopaminergic medication. In PwP, wearable technology (WT) can provide objective insights into medication effect. This review aims to identify and explore literature which uses WT to quantify the effect of medication on motor function and symptoms in PwP (PROSPERO 2022 CRD42022310018). Nine databases were searched between January 2000-October 2024. Downs and Black quality appraisal assessed study quality. PRISMA guidelines were followed. Amongst the seventy-nine included studies, 50 different WTs were placed across 20 locations on the body, and medication effect was monitored on 13 different motor functions/symptoms. There was great heterogeneity amongst protocols, but many studies were performed in controlled environments, exploring short-term medication effects (ON vs OFF). Medication effect varied, improving certain variables, and having no effect on others. Future research should identify gold-standard protocols to explore medication effect in real-world settings, over prolonged periods.Registration and Protocol PROSPERO 2022 CRD42022310018.
Authors
- Héloïse Debelle (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-7448)
- Harry G. B. Bailey (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4442-293X)
- Emma Packer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0491-3726)
- Silvia Del Din (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1154-4751)
- Rana Zia Ur Rehman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4885-7455)
- Lynn Rochester (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-9272)
- Lisa Alcock (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8364-9803)
- Alison Jane Yarnall (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3126-9163)
Institutions
- Cumbria Northumberland Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre (GB)
- Johnson & Johnson (United Kingdom) (GB)
- Liverpool John Moores University (GB)
- Newcastle University (GB)
Publication Details
- Journal
- npj Parkinson s Disease
- Published
- 2025-05-22
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41531-025-00943-y
- Citations
- 4
- Primary Topic
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 5.56
Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations
- UK Research and Innovation
- National Institute for Health and Care Research
- Newcastle University
- European Commission
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre