Duplex study as predictive method of clinical outcome of Superior Lateral Genicular Artery Flap

Objectives To evaluate duplex imaging as a predictive method of Superior Lateral Genicular Artery (SLGA) Flap clinical outcome. Background The SLGA flap is a durable option in soft-tissue reconstruction around the knee with minimal donor-site morbidity and good aesthetic results. Non-invasive Colour duplex imaging is used to evaluate the cutaneous circulation of flap and predict outcomes. Methods This prospective study included 32 patients who presented with soft tissue defects around the knee. Duplex study of the SLGA from its origin of popliteal artery and its cutaneous perforator was done. Outcomes regarding flap viability, healing, complications, and donor site morbidity were documented, and Patients were followed up for at least six months. Results The patient’s age ranged from 6 to 45 years. Trauma was the cause of tissue defects in 22 patients, burn in seven cases, and ulcers in three cases. According to the duplex study, velocity ranged from 19c/s to 40 c/s. The mean distance of SLGA from the lateral condyle was 4.58±0.52 cm. Interestingly, fewer complications were reported if the artery's diameter and its perforator were 1.48 mm. However, patients with a diameter less than 1.25mm or velocity below 22m/s were associated with complications. Distal superficial necrosis was noted in three patients, and distal necrosis in two patients. The functional and cosmetic results were satisfactory in all patients. Conclusion Duplex study is a good predictive method for SLGA flap outcomes, making the flap a dependable option for soft tissue reconstruction around the knee with accepted functional and aesthetic outcomes.