Develop, Deploy, Operate

By taking a holistic view of the commercial software-development process, we have identified tensions between various factors and where changes in one phase, or to infrastructure, affect other phases. We have distinguished four distinct forms of impact, warned against measuring against unknown counterfactuals, and suggested a consensus mechanism for estimating DDR (defect detection and resolution) costs. Our approach balances product outcomes and the strategic need for change with both the human and machine costs of producing valuable software. With this model, the process of commercial software development could become more comprehensible across roles and levels and therefore more easily improved within an organization.