Enhanced Secure File Transfer: A Comparative Analysis of Elliptic Curve Cryptography vs. RSA

The growing demand for efficient cryptographic methods has made data security a central concern in modern digital communication. This research presents a comparative study of RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) and ECC (Elliptic Curve Cryptography) in the realm of secure file transfer, with AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) employed for data encryption. Key metrics such as key exchange efficiency, encryption and decryption speeds, and resource usage were analyzed, showing ECC's superiority in key generation and exchange speeds, alongside lower CPU and memory consumption compared to RSA. These findings position ECC as an optimal choice for resource constrained environments like IoT, where performance efficiency and minimal power use are crucial. This research advocates for ECC's expanded use in secure communication, highlighting its promise for advancing cryptographic standards that meet the pace of evolving technology.