Blockchain-Based Saffron Supply Chain: Enhancing Transparency and Traceability

The Saffron business is plagued by opaque supply chains, which result in counterfeiting and less accountability, thereby decreasing trust and efficiency. In this paper, we propose a blockchain-based supply chain system to improve transparency and traceability. Using smart contracts and a distributed application (DApp), the proposed system automates processes, minimizes intermediaries, and guarantees data integrity using cryptographic methods such as SHA-256 hashing and Merkle trees. It tracks saffron from farm to point of sale, increasing efficiency and preventing fraud. Results show significant gains in traceability and transparency, establishing stakeholder trust, with a modular design allowing for future integrations.