Advances in the Study of Ketamine’s Role in Improving PTSD after Affecting Different Stages of Memory Formation

创伤后应激障碍(post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD)是指个体在经历严重的心理创伤后产生的一种延迟性和持续性精神障碍，其发病机制尚不明确，临床缺乏安全有效、快捷便利的治疗手段。记忆的增强和记忆消退的减弱是PTSD发生的主要原因，因此对于PTSD的防治，针对记忆形成不同阶段进行干预可能有效。氯胺酮作为N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体拮抗剂具有良好的抗焦虑、抗抑郁的作用，有望成为新的PTSD治疗药物。本文将综述氯胺酮对记忆形成不同阶段的影响，为PTSD的防治提供新的研究思路和方向。Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a delayed and persistent mental disorder that occurs after an individual experiences severe psychological trauma, and its pathogenesis is still unclear. There is a lack of safe, effective, fast and convenient clinical treatments. The enhancement of memory and the weakening of memory fading are the main reasons for the occurrence of PTSD, so for the prevention and treatment of PTSD, interventions targeting different stages of memory formation may be effective. Ketamine, as an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist with good anxiolytic and antidepressant effects, is expected to be a new therapeutic drug for PTSD. In this paper, we will review the effects of ketamine on different stages of memory formation to provide new research ideas and directions for the prevention and treatment of PTSD.