Microplastics in aquatic ecosystems: sources, impacts, and mitigation strategies

Aquatic ecosystems serve as one of the ultimate repositories for microplastics (MP). The present article employed a systematic and narrative study method to recognize and summarize advancements, deficiencies, and prospective directions in MP surveillance research within the Turkish aquatic ecosystem and its resident aquatic animals. A collection of 60 peer-reviewed papers listed on Web of Science was included in the systematic examination. The present condition of MP contamination in aquatic settings, encompassing marine and freshwater habitats, aquatic life, and the origins and features of MPs, was examined narratively. The stance on the international plastic pact and mitigation strategies was discussed. Despite a noted rise in publication volume over time, the quantity and scope of research conducted in aquatic ecosystems remain constrained. Stringent regulations must be implemented and enforced to address plastic contamination. Comprehensive long-term monitoring investigations in aquatic habitats should be undertaken periodically nationwide.