Capacity evaluation of MIMO-OFDM high-speed railway communication systems

In recent years, wireless communications have been harnessed to enhance the performance, reliability, and passenger experience of high-speed railways (HSR). However, the demanding requirements of HSR systems, including high data rates, reliability, and low latency, present significant challenges for wireless communication technologies. One promising and effective approach to address these challenges is to increase system capacity through the use of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) techniques. Our study investigates radio wave propagation in high-speed railway environments using MRS (Mobile Relay Station). Through simulations based on a non-stationary geometry-based stochastic channel model, we evaluate the performance of MIMO techniques. Our findings reveal that while MIMO can significantly enhance system capacity, its practical gains in HSR environments are lower than predicted by theoretical models, primarily due to the significant deviations from ideal channel conditions. By analyzing numerical results on the effectiveness of MIMO configurations in enhancing system capacity, the paper determines the optimal number of transceiver antennas required to achieve the desired capacity increase without compromising design complexity. The evaluation methodology presented in this paper can serve as a valuable tool for predicting the performance of HSR communication systems before investing in costly hardware implementations