Inflammatory signalling pathways and non-coding RNAs in myocardial infarction: insights into pathogenesis and therapeutic opportunities

This study emphasises the essential roles of miRNAs and competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) in the progression of MI and MI/R. In addition, our final section provides an in-depth analysis of the therapeutic targeting of ncRNAs through various methods, including pharmacological interventions, herbal medicine, and exosome-derived stem cell applications aimed at alleviating inflammation and possibly advancing MI treatment.