OBJECTIVE CRITERIA FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF RESPIRATORY FAILURE IN PATIENTS WITH AIRWAY STENOSIS

Summary. The aim of the work was to assess respiratory failure in patients with airway stenosis using objective criteria. Materials and methods. Functional diagnostics of external respiration includes a set of tests that allow to detect and assess the state of mechanical properties of the external respiratory system, the degree of violations of the main mechanisms of gas exchange: ventilation, diffusion, perfusion, coordination of ventilation with blood flow, as well as gas exchange in general. The intensity and nature of shortness of breath was determined by the localization and nature of the stenosis, the degree of narrowing of the airway, and the duration of the disease. The objective criterion of respiratory failure is the indicators of blood gas composition. Arterial and venous blood sampling from the patient was performed before the start of treatment, in the early postoperative period and in the long-term period. Results and their discussion. Stenosis of the larynx and trachea causes primarily changes in the gas and acid-base composition of the blood of varying intensity. A decrease in blood O2 saturation, especially over a long period of time, cannot but affect the work of organs with increased energy consumption. This makes it obvious that a comprehensive approach to the treatment of these patients should be aimed not only at restoring airway patency, but also at supporting the entire body. Conclusions. To increase the effectiveness of surgical and medical rehabilitation of patients with stenosis of the larynx and cervical trachea, a recommended set of studies is necessary, which will allow to substantiate the pathogenetic treatment of such patients.