Forensic Implications of the Association of Gender with ABO Blood Groups - A Cross-sectional Study

Objective: To investigate the association between gender and blood group types with a focus on its forensic significance for establishing personal identification. Methodology: The study utilizes the characteristics of the data collected from 293 students of the Sahara Medical College Narowal, for three consecutive academic sessions from 2021 to 2023. A pre- tested structured questionnaire was designed to collect the data for cross-sectional study design. A convenient purposive non-probability sampling technique was employed to collect the data after approval of the institutional review board. Only those students who were aware of their blood groups and consented to be the part of the study were included in the research. Results: The female students in comparison to male students, had significantly higher proportion of all blood groups (p value = 0.003) except for AB negative blood group which was equally distributed between both genders. Conclusion: The study elucidated a compelling evidence of significant association of blood group with the gender highlighting it forensic significance that could ultimately be linked to forensic identifi- cation wherever required. The gender disparity can be employed for significant accuracy and reliability in identification purposes holding a contribution to the advancement of forensic investigations in medicolegal scenarios. Key Words: ABO Blood Group, Gender, Disparities, Forensic Science, Identification, Association, Distribution