Challenges in the Treatment of Melasma in Latin America

Melasma was a chronic skin condition characterised by hyperpigmented spots, mainly on the face, and most frequently affecting women with intermediate to high phototypes in tropical and subtropical regions. Intense sun exposure contributed to its appearance and chronicity, making photoprotection an essential component in its treatment. Although depigmenting agents, peels and technologies such as laser were used, protection against ultraviolet radiation and visible light was key to preventing relapses and improving clinical results. Blue-violet light, oxidative damage and chronic inflammation were identified as aggravating factors. In Latin America, cultural and economic factors and the limited availability of suitable products made it difficult to adhere to effective photoprotection. For this reason, strategies such as the use of broad-spectrum sunscreens, oral photoprotection, patient education and improved access to products were promoted, all within an interdisciplinary approach adapted to the region.