Criminal law prevention measures against professional сrime in Russia: Problems and prospects

The object of this study is modern criminal law measures to counteract professional crime in Russia. The aim of this study is to analyze the problems and prospects of criminal law measures to counteract domestic professional crime in the context of threats and challenges of the present. Objectives of the study: to determine the features of the development of modern professional crime in Russia; to identify the main directions of criminal policy implementation in Russia, the purpose of which is to combat professional crime; to analyze the implementation efficiency of criminal-legal measures to counteract professional criminal activity in the present and determine the prospects for their implementation. Methodology. This research uses both general and specific scientific methods of cognition, such as comparative-legal, chronological, and formal-legal methods, along with others. Results. In the modern criminal policy of Russia, it is possible to find options for counteracting professional crime by legal measures. We achieve higher limits of criminal liability for professional criminals by identifying the distinctive features of their criminal professionalism and imposing stricter penalties for possessing these traits. Conclusion. It has been determined that the implementation of modern criminal policy in Russia, aimed at combating professional crime, does not demonstrate high efficiency, because it is difficult to separate professional criminal activity from general criminal activity by legal methods due to the its specificity. Consequently, in order to solve this problem, we consider it necessary to focus the attention of the legislator in alliance with law enforcers on the general provision and strengthening of law and order in society and the state through the improvement of criminal legal institutions.