Application of diagnostic network optimization [DNOs] to tackle antimicrobial resistance in Sub-Saharan Africa

This perspective explores the application of Diagnostic Network Optimization (DNOs) in tackling antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Sub-Saharan Africa. DNOs aim to enhance the effectiveness of diagnostic networks, ensuring timely, accurate, and accessible diagnostic services to combat AMR, which is exacerbated by the misuse of antibiotics and inadequate diagnostics in the region. The paper outlines the challenges of AMR in Sub-Saharan Africa, including limited healthcare infrastructure, socioeconomic factors, and the scarcity of diagnostic resources. It emphasizes the importance of integrating diagnostic tools, such as pathogen identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing, to optimize patient care and minimize unnecessary antibiotic use. The proposed framework for DNO implementation includes steps like needs assessment, resource allocation, and infrastructure development, alongside technological innovations such as digital health, artificial intelligence, and portable diagnostics for remote areas. Additionally, we outline barriers to DNO implementation, such as financial constraints, insufficient training, and policy gaps. Case studies from global and regional initiatives highlight the effectiveness of DNOs in reducing AMR. The perspective concludes by advocating for strategic policy support and funding from governments, NGOs, and international organizations, alongside public–private partnerships, to ensure sustainable implementation of DNOs in the region.