A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF REMINERALISATION POTENTIAL OF SILVER DIAMINE FLUORIDE, BIOACTIVE VARNISH AND NANO-HYDROXYAPATITE GEL IN ENAMEL OF PRIMARY TEETH USING ENERGY DISPERSIVE X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY: AN IN-VITRO STUDY

Background: Demineralization is process of removal of mineral ions from hydroxyapatite crystals of hard tissue by regular exposure of tooth enamel to acids produced by bacterial plaque.1 When bacterial colony in biolm continues to produce acids with sugar consumption, pH falls to 4.5–5 from normal pH (i.e. 7) and results in formation of pores between mineral structures. The most prevalent therapy for several years was use of uoride, which can rebuild partially dissolved crystals, supplied in form of topical gel or varnish and was applied to arrest active dental caries by depositing calcium uoride that is insoluble and act as a uoride reservoir to improve enamel remineralization, by increasing amount of mineral content of early carious lesions.2 Forty naturally exfoliated primary molars with intact buccal sur Materials And Method: face, free from caries, developmental defects or cracks were included. Teeth were cleaned, polished, decoronated, embedded in self-cured acrylic resin mold with buccal surface facing upwards and window was created. Sub surface enamel lesions were created using demineralizing solution for 4 days and allocated into 4 groups: group A (n=10)- 38% SDF, group B (n=10)- Bioactive Varnish, group C (n=10)- 20% Nano- Hydroxyapatite Gel (custom made) and group D (n=10)- Untreated. All specimens were then subjected to pH cycle for 9 days, sectioned and examined under EDX Spectroscope. Data was analysed by using SPSS (21.0 version). p-value < 0.05 was considered signicant. Signicant differen Results: ce was seen in percentage of calcium, phosphorus, silica and uoride indicating highest mineral deposition with 20% nanohydroxyapatite gel when compared to 38% SDF and Bioactive varnish. Among all remineralizing agents used in the study custom made 20% nanohydroxyapat Conclusion: ite gel had better remineralising efcacy when compared to 38% SDF and Bioactive Varnish.