Cross-Sectional Evaluation of Hydroxyapatite-Coated Titanium Implants: Insights into Biocompatibility and Osseointegration

Background: The application of hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings represents a powerful method for improving the biorientation of titanium dental implants and their compatibility with human tissue. The research examined the consequences of applying HA coatings on dental implant integration while investigating bone tissue response in the nearby area. Methods: In this cross-sectional collaborative study conducted mainly at Baqai Medical University, Lahore Medical and Dental College and Muhammad Islam Dental College, eighty patients (BMU-EC/006-22) (average age 55.3 ± 8.7 years) participated in the assessment during the period from August 2022 to December 2023 based on a purposive sampling technique. The evaluation of implant stability, together with peri-implant bone density and inflammatory response markers, constituted the clinical measurement criteria. Professionals used both patient evaluations and imaging data to evaluate the efficiency of osseointegration. The analysis of data occurred through SPSS version 20 using one way ANOVA with p-value<0.05, statistically significant. Research findings for HA-coated versus uncoated implants derived from independent t-tests for continuous variables and chi-square tests for categorical data. Result: The study outcomes revealed that implants coated with HA exhibited better bone attachment to implant surfaces, enhanced implant stability (p = 0.012), and decreased inflammation markers (p = 0.018). Under histological examination, there was improved contact between bone tissue and the implant surface, which proves that HA contributes to quick osseointegration. Conclusion: The implant recipients with HA coatings experienced fewer complications and better outcomes in terms of functionality.