Facile synthesis of magnetic core–shell structures for tunable microwave absorption

The rapid development of electronic communication and radar technologies in the 5G era has exacerbated electromagnetic pollution, thereby driving the urgent need for cutting-edge microwave absorption materials. In this study, a novel SnCo/C@MoS₂ composite was proposed, and the core-shell structure was synthesized <i>via</i> electrospinning and hydrothermal methods. This composite uniquely integrated the high conductivity and magnetic properties of Sn and Co while capitalizing on the superior dielectric performance of MoS₂ nanosheets, which are uniformly grown on carbon nanofibers. This design capitalized on the synergistic effects of a one-dimensional (1D) carbon fiber (CF) framework and two-dimensional (2D) MoS₂ nanostructures, enhancing interfacial polarization and multi-loss mechanisms. SnCo/C@MoS₂ exhibited remarkable microwave absorption properties, achieving a minimum reflection loss (RL_min) of -64.27 dB at a thickness of 1.52 mm and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 5.20 GHz. Moreover, computer simulation technology (CST) demonstrated that SnCo/CNF@MoS₂ simulated radar cross-section (RCS) values fell below -20 dB m². These results demonstrated a substantial improvement in absorption performance compared to the individual SnCo/CNF and MoS₂ components. This work underscored the effectiveness of combining 1D and 2D materials to obtain core-shell structures for superior electromagnetic wave (EMW) attenuation.