Role of Islamic Almsgiving in Social Cohesion: A Functionalist Perspective

This paper examines the connection between Islamic almsgiving, like Zakat and sadaqah, through the lens of classical sociological functionalist theory. It demonstrates how these two Islamic acts contribute to the stability and harmony of Muslim societies. It also discusses the mechanisms that encourage redistribution, upholding shared values and lessening societal conflicts. The paper also highlights various ways in which institutions of Muslim-majority countries like Indonesia, Malaysia, and Pakistan address Zakat management, the social implications of the practices, and the contexts of transnational Zakat and humanitarian aid. The paper further highlights the difficulties in integrating these age-old religious customs into modern socio-economic contexts, and implications for global humanitarian operations, interfaith relations, financial inclusion, and social welfare programs.