Clinical Types of Pulmonary Aspergillosis: A Clinical Spectrum Review

Aspergillus fungal species are found in nature and are the cause of pulmonary aspergillosis diseases in humans. It is generally seen in four forms clinically and radiologically, these are aspergilloma, chronic pulmonary aspergillosis, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. However, overlap syndromes in which types of pulmonary aspergillosis are seen together should not be overlooked. Clinical symptoms, radiological imaging, serum antigen and antibody levels, body fluid cultures, rapid skin antigen tests, serum immunoglobulin levels are helpful for diagnosis. Although treatment options are evaluated on a case-by-case basis; antifungal therapy, surgery and corticosteroid agents are the main options. Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis associated with COVID-19 has been observed in association with COVID-19 infection. It should not be missed in patients with COVID-19 due to poor clinical prognosis.