Research on the Vibration Characteristics of Air Spring Suspension Seats Considering Friction Damping

Good seat comfort can bring a pleasant experience to commercial vehicle drivers. Therefore, it is necessary to study the vibration characteristics of commercial vehicle seats. This study focuses on commercial vehicle seats with air spring suspension. The friction damping expression of the suspension system was derived. Comprehensive simulation and experimental investigations were conducted on the vertical vibration transmission characteristics of the seat. A multi-objective optimization framework was established by integrating the NSGA-II algorithm with a BP neural network. Specifically, a nonlinear mathematical model was developed using the GA-BP neural network algorithm, with four design parameters as optimization variables: air spring stiffness (K1), damper damping coefficient (C1), cushion equivalent stiffness (K2), and cushion equivalent damping coefficient (C2). The optimization objective was defined as minimizing the maximum seat transmissibility (TR) at the resonance frequency (f). Through the NSGA-II, Pareto optimal solutions were systematically explored, and an optimal parameter combination was identified to enhance the dynamic comfort of the commercial vehicle seat.