Communicative discourse according to Jacobson and Halliday, concept and function, "a critical approach

Communicative discourse is a field divided by linguistic, critical, and psychological approaches, which intersect with each other defining the nature of this discourse and its functions, to achieve communicative relations between humans, in types of discourses through specific mechanisms and standards that control the specific framework of this communicative discourse. Communication is a necessary feature of human groups using the tongue to produce language and speech, as defined by the pioneer of linguistics, Ferdinand De Saussure, at the beginning of the twentieth century. According to Saussaure, the primary function of language is communication. He moved the focus in critical studies from historical studies to the study of language itself in terms of its linguistic essence and function. Hence, the aim of this study is to define the concept and patterns of communicative discourse and to reveal its characteristics and functions through the vision of two critics who had a comprehensive vision of the functions of communicative discourse among the human community, namely Roman Jacobson, the Russian formalist, (1989), and Michael Halliday, the English linguist, (2018).