Changing the composition of the biofilm of the root canals of teeth with chronic apical periodontitis during their revision by modern machine systems (in vivo)

Aim: to study the change in the composition of the biofilm of root canals, including those with complex anatomy, in teeth with chronic apical periodontitis during their revision directly in the oral cavity using modern machine systems: Reciproc (VDW GmbH), XP-endo Retreatment (FKG), R-Endo (Micro-Mega). Materials and methods. 60 teeth in the oral cavity of patients with clinical and radiological signs of chronic apical periodontitis, lined with various filling materials, including complex anatomy of the structure of root canals (C-shaped channels, S-shaped channels, bending of more than 60° at different levels, branches, wide channels). Every 20 teeth are processed by an appropriate machine system and divided into groups: 1st group — Reciproc system, 2nd group — R-Endo, 3rd group — XP-endo Retreatment. Results. Statistical analysis showed that in 3rd group, root canal treatment in the following types of microorganisms led to significant results: S. constellatus, P. gingivalis, E. faecalis. The following results were determined in 2nd group: S. intermedius, S. constellatus, E. faecalis. In 1st group: S. intermedius, S. constellatus. The XP-endo Retreatment system showed a significant change in the microbial flora during root canal treatment. In the cases of group 2 and 3, statistically significant results were shown by different types of microorganisms. During examination and repeated X-ray diagnosis, in 95% of cases, positive dynamics was observed in teeth treated with the XP-endo Retreatment system. Conclusions. The novelty of the study was that it was conducted directly in the oral cavity (in vivo). Illustrative examples of changes in the microbial biofilm of root canals immediately before and after their treatment in the oral cavity, X-ray studies of long-term results confirm the effectiveness of using XP-endo Retreatment machine files, and based on changes in the composition of anaerobic microflora contributing to the formation of periapical inflammation, it was found that the joint work of these tools with the R-endo system in root canals, it will allow clinicians to change the composition of biofilm in wider species categories and save time on admission, due to the absence of searching for additional files to pass the sealed root canals and completely clean their walls from the filling material.