In vitro study of cytotoxicity and biocompatibility properties of gene-activated osteoplastic material

A study of the biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of two osteoplastic materials has been conducted: the xenogenic material (XM) “Bio-Oss” and the gene-activated material (GAM) “Nucleostim-VEGF”. The experiment was conducted using blood, which was incubated with samples of materials at 37°C. Chemiluminescent reactions of neutrophils under the influence of the activator forbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, as well as the adhesion of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSCs) to materials were studied. The results showed that both materials enhance the radical-generating activity of neutrophils, but at different rates: GAM activates cells faster, reaching a maximum after 40 minutes, while XM takes a longer time to activate. MMSCs successfully adhered to the granules of both materials, but GAM provided better cell viability. The data obtained indicate the high biocompatibility of GAM and its potential for use in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.