Government policies to reduce palm oil waste pollution in Indonesia: An evaluation of environmental and socio-economic sustainability

This study aims to evaluate the success of government policies in reducing palm oil waste pollution in Indonesia, with a focus on environmental and socio-economic sustainability. Inefficient palm oil waste management causes water, soil, and air pollution, which exacerbates environmental damage and endangers public health. A mixed methodology approach was used in this study, integrating policy analysis, environmental impact analysis, and socio-economic evaluation. The findings indicate that although a regulatory framework exists, its implementation remains inconsistent due to regulatory fragmentation, inadequate law enforcement, and low compliance from the industry. This study highlights the importance of circular economy policies and green investment incentives in improving sustainable waste management practices. Despite these initiatives, smallholder farmers and rural communities face significant barriers in accessing sustainable waste management technologies, limiting the inclusive benefits of mitigation strategies. In conclusion, this study recommends improvements in the regulatory framework, enhanced coordination across sectors, and increased financial incentives for sustainable technologies. Long-term policies should also incorporate digital monitoring systems and community-oriented efforts to enhance policy effectiveness. The practical implications of this study highlight significant challenges and opportunities in palm oil waste management while offering policy recommendations for more sustainable and equitable business development.