Edible rose (Rosa rugosa cv. ‘Plena’) aqueous extract, a potential antibacterial agent against multidrug-resistant Helicobacter pylori with anticancer activities

Food-grade aqueous extracts from edible plants has the potential to serve as alternative agent for preventing H. pylori infection, due to high safety and antibacterial effects. Therefore, we evaluated the anti -H. pylori effects of 17 edible plants. Our results revealed that the aqueous extract of Rosa rugosa cv. ‘Plena’ (RA) emerged as the most potent anti- H. pylori agent. RA altered the morphology of H. pylori from spiral rods into coccoid forms, damaged its ultrastructure, inhibited its motility and urease activity. Utilizing network pharmacology analysis and qPCR, the mechanisms by which RA inhibited the aberrant activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in gastric epithelial cells were confirmed. In conclusion, this study is the first study to report the anti- H. pylori effect and underlying mechanisms of RA, as well as its potential for further development into a novel food-grade agent for preventing H. pylori infections. • Aqueous extracts of 17 edible plants were evaluated for their anti- H. pylori activity against drug-susceptible and multidrug-resistant strains. • The aqueous extract of edible rose Rosa rugosa cv. ‘Plena’ (RA) demonstrated anti- H. pylori activity with stability in acidic conditions. • RA altered the morphology of H. pylori , damaged its ultrastructure, inhibited its motility and urease activity. • RA inhibited the aberrant activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in H. pylori -treated gastric epithelial cells.