Numerical simulation of non-Newtonian nanofluid flow and heat transfer in ribbed grooved channels

This study investigates the enhancement of heat transfer in ribbed grooved channels using non-Newtonian nanofluids under turbulent flow conditions. While substantial progress has been made in both nanofluids and grooved channel designs, most existing studies focus on Newtonian fluids or simplified groove geometries, missing the complex interplay between nanoparticle-induced thermal properties and shear-dependent viscosity effects. The present work fills this gap by providing a detailed numerical simulation that examines the effects of groove geometry, Reynolds number, power-law index, and nanoparticle volume fraction. The novelty of this research lies in its parametric analysis and comparison of groove geometries (square, triangular, and square-triangular), offering new insights into optimizing heat exchanger designs. The results demonstrate that groove geometry and fluid rheology synergistically enhance thermal performance, providing valuable design guidelines for more efficient thermal systems.