Smart tape for monitoring the automated tape layering process using all-grating fiber sensors

In the context of the GENEX project, a procedure has been developed to monitor the Automated Tape Layering (ATL) process with an in-situ consolidation system using fiber optic sensors (FOS). A specialized type of optical fiber, All Grating Fiber (AGF), was employed. This fiber is densely engraved with Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) along its entire length, functioning as a quasi-distributed sensor. The AGF fiber was embedded in composite Carbon Fiber (CF) tapes, which were pre-impregnated with a vitrimer resin customized to a specific glass transition temperature (Tg). The embedding process occurred simultaneously with the resin impregnation. The AGF sensor monitors the ATL process by measuring the temperature during tape deposition and the force/pressure applied by the consolidation roller. This approach aims to optimize the ATL process window and ensure defect-free laminate consolidation.