Current Trends in Tuberculosis Pharmacotherapy: Availability of Essential Medicines

The article analyzes current trends in tuberculosis pharmacotherapy and the availability of essential medicines. The introduction of short-term treatment regimens, in particular BPaL (Bedaquiline, Pretomanid, and Linezolid), significantly reduces the duration of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis therapy and increases its effectiveness. Expanding diagnostic capabilities, especially the use of artificial intelligence, contributes to improving the detection of the disease. Analysis of legislative initiatives indicates improved access to treatment, but financing remains an important challenge, especially under conditions of martial law. The dynamics of the incidence demonstrates an increase in the number of tuberculosis cases, which requires strengthening preventive measures and screening programs. The prospects for further research and the need to increase state funding to reduce dependence on international donors are highlighted. Additionally, the growing emphasis on patient-centered care is reshaping programmatic management of tuberculosis. At the same time, integration of tuberculosis services with HIV and diabetes screening is becoming standard practice, reflecting the high prevalence of comorbidities. To meet the WHO End Tuberculosis Strategy milestones for 2030, policymakers must prioritize sustained domestic investment, ensure uninterrupted supply chains, and expand community-based education to address stigma and the social determinants driving transmission.