Investigation of Ergonomic Risk Factors, Musculoskeletal System Problems, and Physical Workload in Kitchen Workers

Objective: The prevalence of musculoskeletal problems in kitchen workers is quite high. Factors such as the high physical workload of kitchen workers, low physical activity levels, non-ergonomic working conditions and job stress have been associated with this high prevalence. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate ergonomic risk factors, musculoskeletal system problems, and physical workload in kitchen workers. Material and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted between November 2022 and February 2023 with 87 participants working in various dining hall, restaurant and cafe kitchens. Participants were asked about their demographic information and ergonomic risk factors. Physical workload was assessed using the Physical Workload Questionnaire and musculoskeletal problems were assessed using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Results: The median length of occupation was 5.00 (2.00-15.00) years and the median daily working time was 9.00 (8.00-10.00) hours. The ergonomic risk factors that bothered the kitchen workers the most were stress, hot working environment and closed area, respectively. The parts of the body where kitchen workers had the most musculoskeletal problems, both in the last 12 months and in the last 7 days, were the low back, upper back, neck and shoulders. When comparing the physical workload of kitchen workers according to their occupation, there was no significant difference between the groups (p=0.257). Conclusion: Kitchen workers are at high risk of musculoskeletal disorders. Interventions such as ergonomic risk assessment of the work environment, ergonomic training and rest breaks are needed to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal problems in kitchen workers.