Clinical implications of dysbiosis in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been addressed as a challenge in the field of neurodevelopment due to its clinical and etiological complexity. In recent years, interest in non-traditional factors, such as the gut microbiota, has intensified, with its influence on the microbiota-gut-brain axis being the subject of multiple studies. Microbial alterations have been documented in people with ASD, which have been linked to gastrointestinal and behavioural symptoms. Therapies such as probiotics, specific diets and faecal transfer have also been explored, showing clinical improvements in some cases. However, the causal relationship between dysbiosis and ASD remained under debate, highlighting the need for more rigorous studies to understand this complex interaction.