Risk Factors for Eating Disorders: A Multidimensional Integrated Perspective and Research Frontiers

进食障碍的发生与发展涉及多维度危险因素的动态交互作用，其病理机制涵盖个体生物学特征、心理行为模式及社会环境影响的复杂网络。深入解析这一风险因素系统对构建整合性病因学模型具有关键理论价值，不仅能够推动发病机制的基础研究突破，更能为制定循证导向的精准预防策略和靶向治疗方案提供科学支撑。本研究通过系统梳理进食障碍危险因素领域的研究进展，整合神经生物学、发展心理学与社会文化研究的交叉证据，构建多维度风险框架，并基于现有研究缺口提出未来研究方向。The emergence and progression of eating disorders involve dynamic interactions among multidimensional risk factors, with pathological mechanisms encompassing a complex network of biological characteristics, psychological-behavioral patterns, and socioenvironmental influences. Elucidating this risk factor system holds critical theoretical significance for establishing integrative etiological models, which not only facilitates breakthroughs in fundamental research on pathogenesis, but also provides scientific support for developing evidence-based precision prevention strategies and targeted therapeutic interventions. This study systematically synthesizes research advancements in eating disorder risk factors, integrating interdisciplinary evidence from neurobiological, developmental psychological, and sociocultural studies to construct a multidimensional risk framework. Building upon current research gaps, we propose future translational research directions to bridge theoretical understanding and clinical applications.