Estimation the Anti-inflammatory and Antipyretic Activity of Beta vulgaris L Plant Extract In-vivo

Aims: To investigate the anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic effects of hydro-methanolic extract of Beta vulgaris L (HMEBV) on male Wistar rats following egg albumin induced acute inflammation and brewer’s yeast induced pyrexia. Materials and Methods: The anti-inflammatory study involved 30 rats equally divided into 6 groups, where group 1 served as normal control; group 2 served as negative control (untreated rats); group 3 received Aspirin 100 mg/kg, while groups 4, 5 and 6 received HMEBV at 150, 250 and 500 mg/kg respectively. 0.1 ml egg albumin was subcutaneously injected into the right hind paw of the rats for groups 2 to 6, and paw diameter measured hourly for 5 hours. The rats were euthanized and blood samples collected through cardiac puncture for biochemical analysis. The antipyretic study involved 25 rats evenly distributed into 5 groups; Group I (negative control), Group II received 100mg/kg aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), while Groups III, IV and V received HMEBV at 150, 250 and 500mg/kg respectively by oral gavage. Rectal temperature was measured 3 hours pre-treatment and 3 hours post-treatment. Results: The results showed that inflammation was successfully induced in groups 2 to 6 in comparison with the control group as the rat paw diameter was significantly (p<0.05) increased after 1 hour post induction. It was also observed that from 4th post treatment, a progressive significant (p<0.05) decrease in rat paw diameter was observed in groups 3, 4, 5 and group 6 when compared to group 2. Furthermore, rectal temperature was progressively elevated following the administration of brewer’s yeast hourly. Post-treatment, it was observed that there was a dose dependent hourly retrogression of the rectal temperature, with a significant difference (p<0.05) when compared with the control. Conclusion: Conclusively, the present research reports that Hydro-methanolic extract of Beta vulgaris L possess both anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic potentials in experimental animal models.