Geospatial Mapping of Vector-borne Diseases Reported to a Tertiary Care Hospital in Mysore City between 2018 and 2023

Abstract Background: Vectors are the living organisms capable of transmitting infectious pathogens between humans or from animals to humans. In 2022, vector-borne diseases (VBDs) accounted for 6.9% of the cases in India, with Karnataka reporting 9414 cases. This study aims to map the spatial distribution of VBDs, hot spots in Mysore city’s tertiary care hospital and analyze the climatic relation to these diseases. Methodology: Hospital records of admitted cases of VBD from 2018 to 2023 were analyzed. Sociodemographic data such as name, age, gender, address, and disease diagnosis were collected. The coded data were analyzed using SPSS software, and spatial distribution maps were created using ArcGIS software to visualize the data. Results: Among 1501 cases, dengue was the most common (1466), followed by chikungunya (17), malaria (15), and Japanese encephalitis (3). The highest number of cases was reported in 2019 (552), while the lowest in 2020 (68). Hot spot analysis revealed that Gundurao Nagar ward in the southern part of Mysore city was a significant hot spot for VBD with 99% confidence, followed by JP Nagara and Vishweshwara Nagar at 95% confidence. Subbarayanakere ward was identified as a cold spot with 95% confidence. Most (1031) admissions occurred during the monsoon season (June–September) and the fewest (66) during the summer (March–May). Conclusion: The study concludes that 552 cases were from Mysore city, where Gundurao Nagar was the hot spot for VBD. Majority of the cases (949) were from different taluks and surrounding districts. Cases were at peak during the monsoon season and least in summer.