Integration of Substrateless Antenna into Skin Organoid Culture

This paper introduces the concept of integrating antennas into skin organoid cultures for biomedical applications. A passive loop resonator is incorporated into the equivalent skin organoid culture layers on a petri dish. The loop resonator consists of a mesh metallic layer, allowing skin to grow through it. This resonator is designed to couple with an external dipole placed in close proximity to the outer layer of the grown skin cells. The equivalent skin organoid culture comprises two soft layers, representing the epidermis and dermis, with the square mesh loop positioned between them. Simulations and laboratory experiments using gelatin formulations were conducted to develop the equivalent skin growth culture. The dielectric properties of each layer were measured and found to be consistent with those of real skin layers. The resonator, embedded in the skin culture, produces a variable response depending on the growth of the culture when coupled to the external dipole. The loop coupling antenna operates at 2.7 GHz before the addition of the equivalent organoid skin layer, shifting to approximately 900 MHz after the skin layer is incorporated. The goal is to develop a technique for integrating antennas into lab-grown skin, which could later be attached to the body for continuous medical assessment.