Analysis of Dielectric Material Constraints Imposed in Lens Design

This work presents a parametric analysis of how dielectric properties from specific materials influence traditional lens design, focusing on their impact on directivity, dielectric losses, gain, lens dimensions and operational frequency. Through this analysis, visual guidance is provided to assist in selecting dielectric materials suited to specific applications and constraints. Additionally, we conduct a focused analysis on a selection of real materials, chosen for their dielectric characteristics suited to typical lens antenna applications. In both analyses, we emphasize a key design trade-off that defines the achievable performance: while higher dielectric constants enhance antenna directivity, this benefit may be negated by increased dielectric losses.